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so our guts can tell us a lot about what

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stresses us as well as several other

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things one study taking place right now

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on board the stations getting a look at

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the guts of a couple of astronauts to

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give an insight into the bacteria in

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that area which is known as the

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microbiome

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and to see how space flight affects it

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they also have a ground subject as well

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as this is a part of scott kelly and his

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twin brother mark's twin study nasa

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commentator lori meigs caught up with

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the co-investigator of this experiment

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to learn more

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i'm looking at the bacteria in the gut

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of both twins

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longitudinally over time

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while

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one is going to be spending a year in

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space and one will be

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on the ground

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having the twins is very powerful

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because

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there's growing data that suggests that

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the uh genetic makeup of the individual

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human actually has a very strong

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influence on some of the bacteria that

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live in their gut so some

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genetic types of humans are better hosts

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for some genetic types of bacteria

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so we call this microbiome that's called

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the microbiome right

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microbiome would be all of the microbes

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living in a particular

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environment in our case it's the gi

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tract

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but we're focusing really only on the

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bacteria which is the vast majority of

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the microbes in the gut anyway

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we've had other microbiome studies as

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well what makes this one different is it

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because of the twin situation well the

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twins makes it unique

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i think the longitudinal aspect we're

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going to have an individual in space for

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a year

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and be able to track what changes are

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happening over that course of time so

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that's another unique aspect

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we really don't know what's

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going to happen

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with the bacterial diversity

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in the gut um

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over that long of a period of time what

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do we learn from studying this

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well

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there are a lot of unique stressors but

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stress is not unique to space so i think

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having

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an idea of what's going on with the

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bacteria in the gut

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in response to stress and having related

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measures in terms of

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sampling at the same periods of time

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having those same

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time points

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mood

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other measures of health

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uh

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blood pressure

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you know what's going on in their lives

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are they sleep deprived

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having all of those

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data to relate to the microbiome will

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give us a much richer picture of how

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the

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and that would be

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wonderful information to have for human

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health on earth as well as looking

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towards longer term

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space flight like going to mars

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you're a university professor

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you have a space station experiment an

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international space isn't that wonderful

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yeah

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so oh that's so exciting i mean when we

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found out our project had been selected

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for one of these twin studies

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you know we were just thrilled beyond

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words we couldn't stop telling people

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we're stopping colleagues in the

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hallways saying we're going to nasa

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we're getting a nasa project i mean it's

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it's just such a huge thrill and the

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nasa people have been so

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wonderful to work with they've been so

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engaged involved at every step of the